Linkam Heating and Cooling Stages for Microscopy

Linkam Warming and Peltier Stages 120, 100, heating to 120 C, cooling to -25 C with accessories

Linkam Warming Stage

These warming stages are designed to hold a specified temperature to +/- 0.1°C from ambient to 60°C and are an accurate temperature control platform for inverted or upright microscope applications where it is crucial to maintain at 0.1°C stable temperature in the sample whether mounted in a petri dish or on a microscope slide. There are two types of warming stages, transparent ITO coated stages for applications used with standard microscope lenses, and bifilar coated metal stages with an aperture to enable high NA oil immersion lenses to be used (requires one of our unique lens heaters).

Linkam PE100 Inverted PELTIER Stages

PE100 Inverted Peltier Systems These microscope specific stages utilise peltier technology to enable heating and cooling of microscope slides or petri dish from -5 to 99°C. Designed to fit into the table or replace the table of your inverted microscope. Select from the following; Leica Inverted Peltier Systems Nikon Inverted Peltier Systems Olympus Inverted Peltier Systems Zeiss Inverted Peltier Systems

Linkam Integrated PELTIER Stages

These simple to use integrated peltier stages are built into the manually operated XY table of the upright microscope. The thermoelectrical temperature controlled element is perfectly inline with the surface of the XY table ensuring that short working distance, high numerical aperture condensers can still be used. The specially designed slide holder enables enough XY sample manipulation to see the virtually the entire cover slip. With 0.1°C accurate temperature control, the integrated peltier stages are ideally suited to applications requiring high magnification, high resolution objective and condenser combinations, such as in cell biology and high magnification pharmaceutical work.

Linkam PE120-XY Upright PELTIER Stage

The PE120 stage is a simple to use thermoelectrically cooled stage that accurately controls the temperature of microscope slides to +/-0.1°C from -25 to 120°C. As a low cost system this stage is ideally suited to basic temperature application work. The PE120-XY is based on the standard PE120 but designed to fit into the adapter plate recess of many types of XY microscope stages including those of Marzhauser and Prior. The temperature controlled plate is built onto a larger 160x110mm adapter plate which simply drops into the recess of the XY table.

Linkam LTS120 PELTIER Close Top Stage

The LTS120 peltier stage includes a simple easy to use temperature control microscope stage that utilises a 40x40mm peltier element to control the temperature of your sample mounted on a regular microscope slide which can be moved by 15mm in X and Y directions. The sample area is easily accessed by a large swing out lid. Simply place your sample in the stage and set up a temperature control profile either using the touchscreen LCD display of the PE95 controller or add the Linksys 32 software and record the dataplot of of the experiment. Add the Linksys 32 DV digital image capture option to save a gallery of time lapse images with your temperature data. Samples temperature can be controlled from 0.1 to 30°C/min in the range of -25 to 120°C using the supplied water circulator. To get down to -40°C add a cryo-circulator. The stage body has gas valves to enable gas purging of the sample environment. The LTSE120 version of this system has electrical connectors inside the sample chamber to enable electrical measurements to be made on the sample while varying sample temperature.

Linkam LTS120E-P PELTIER Workstation System

This system is based upon the peltier technology used in the LTS120 heating and freezing stage, with similar temperature control and range, the dynamic heating and cooling performance ensures that many electrical component temperature control applications are covered. However, for extended range up to 420°C please take a look at the LTS420E-PL8/PB4 stages. Up to 8 positional gold tipped, tungsten probes can be connected to electrical connectors within the sample chamber and enable the user to make electrical measurements on the sample, while accurately controlling the temperature inside a gas tight environment. The stage consists of a large area (40x40mm) temperature controlled element with a platinum resistor sensor embedded close to the surface for accurate temperature measurements. The sample is simply placed on the heating element and the probes moved manually to make contact at the appropriate points. Lemo connectors are supplied as standard, but BNC can be used instead.

Linkam Stages 350, heating to 350 C, cooling to -196 C with accessories

Linkam THMS350V stage

Based upon the proven low pressure and temperature control technology developed for the Freeze Drying System (FDCS196), Linkam has modified the stage body and temperature control element to extend the temperature range from -196°C up to 350°C at a vacuum of 10-3mbar using a simple 1.5L rotary vacuum pump. It is now possible to carry out ultra low temperature experiments with virtually no gas or air contamination of the sample. It is also possible to first pull a vacuum and then bleed in the desired gas. A prirani gauge can be supplied to relay the sample chamber pressure to either the Linksys 32 software or the LinkPad Controller. By connecting the vacuum pump to the MV196 motorized valve, pressure can be quickly and accurately varied utilizing simple on screen software controls. To cool samples from ambient down to -196°C, add the LNP95 liquid nitrogen cooling system. This system can also be supplied with electrical connections as the THMS350EV.

Linkam THMS350V-ELLIPSOMETER Stage

The THMS system is one of the most widely used heating and freezing stages on the market, and has now been modified with a special optical adapter to facilitate use on an ellipsometer. Developed in collaboration with the world leading ellipsometer manufacturers, the stage has been optimised to eliminate sample condensation at low temperature by vacuum and allow optimal optical access to the sample. The THMS350V-Ellipsometer Cryo Vacuum System features the THMS350V-Ellipsometer stage and standalone T95-LinkPad temperature controller as well as LNP95 liquid nitrogen cooling system. Samples loaded onto a 0.17mm cover slip are placed on a highly polished pure silver heating element to ensure excellent heat transfer and extremely sensitive temperature measurement. A platinum resistor sensor, accurate to 0.01°C provides far more accurate and stable temperature signal that can be achieved with a thermocouple. Samples can be quickly characterized by heating to within a few degrees of the required temperature at a rate of up to 150°C/min with no overshoot, then slowed down to a few tenths of a degrees per minute to closely examine sample changes. The entire experiment can be saved as an online plot or exported to a spreadsheet application.

Linkam TST350 Tensile System

Test the tensile properties of your sample relative to temperature and capture high resolution images of the structural changes. The TST350 is built with two precision ground stainless steel lead screws to maintain perfect uniform vertical and horizontal alignment. Sample jaws move in opposite directions to maintain sample in both reflected or transmitted microscope fields of view. This also means other transmitted techniques such as x-ray, needed for internal observation of sample structure can be used. As is expected of Linkam equipment, temperature control and accuracy is second to none, with a range from -196 to 350°C with 0.1°C control and up to 60°C/ min rates, there is virtually no temperature feedback to the measurement of force. The sample chamber is gas sealed and can be controlled with various gases via the gas valves built onto sides of the stage. For x-ray applications, there is a special vacuum sealed version with standard vacuum fittings and feed through connectors for the x-ray instrument cabinet. Contact us for further details.

Linkam HFSX350 Stage

Based on the temperature control technology of the THMS systems, the modified HFS stages have been used in a variety of x-ray applications and can be found in many synchrotron facilities around the world. For general heating and freezing applications in the x-ray spectrometer the HFS based systems have low space requirement , high temperature stability and are ideal for horizontal or vertical mounting. Two variants are available, the HFSX350-CAP supplied with a 1.7mm capillary tube passing through the heating block for liquid samples, and the HFSX350-GI with flush-mounted heating block for grazing incidence and surface mounted capillary.

Linkam Stages 420, heating to 420 C, cooling to -196 C with accessories

Linkam LTS420, LTS420E-P Hot Stages

The LTS420 hotstages are optimised for isothermal sample analysis applications where high speed heating and cooling are compromised by larger sample area with excellent thermal stability of less than 0.1°C. The LTS420 is an easy to use, versatile heating and freezing stage. The stage consists of a large area temperature controlled element with a platinum resistor sensor embedded close to the surface for accurate temperature measurements in the range of -196 to 420°C (when used with LNP95 cooling pump). The sample is simply mounted on a standard microscope slide in direct contact with the heating element and can be manipulated 15mm in X and Y direction. The sample chamber is gas tight and has gas valves to purge with either inert gas or humidity. This stage is also available with internal electrical connections and probes. There is even an inverted microscope version, please contact us for further details.

Linkam CSS450, CRYO CSS450 OPTICAL RHEOLOGY System

The Linkam Optical Shearing System (CSS450) allows structural dynamics of complex fluids to be directly observed via standard optical microscope while they are under precisely controlled temperature and various shear modes.

Linkam RH95 HUMIDITY CONTROLLER for all stages

The new Linkam Humidity Controller is our latest instrument to add yet further sample control and is once again developed by in depth feedback of many Linkam stage users. The RH95 quickly controls humidity inside a Linkam stage or any other sealed chamber up to a volume of 2000cc from 5 to 90%.

Linkam Stages 500, heating to 500 C, cooling to -196 C with accessories

Linkam CAP500 Stage

The CAP500 stage is designed to heat and cool capillaries from -196°C up to 500°C. It can control the temperature of a ≤50mm section of high pressure (up to 600bar) quartz capillary. The capillary is inserted through the body of the chamber and housed in a 1mm x 0.6mm rectangular channel within a silver heating block. The block itself has been designed and engineered to minimise the temperature gradient across the length of the capillary and can provide accurate temperature readings to 0.1°C. Capillaries which are loaded into the channel can be moved using the control mechanism to allow for observation across the length of the sample in the capillary. The CAP500 is suitable for capillaries with an outer diameter of ≤0.6mm. If you require use of different size capillaries, contact us as we may be able to provide a solution. By using high pressure pump and pressure gauge it is possible to pump samples through the capillary at a specific pressure to investigate the rheology of the sample with respect to temperature and pressure using brightfield, IR or raman microscopy. The CAP500 stage has also been used to study geological fluid inclusions created in quartz capillaries. If required, two capillaries can be observed at the same time by selecting our Dual Capillary CAP500 option. Please contact us for further information regarding capillaries and fittings for the CAP500.

Linkam Stages 600, heating to 600 C, cooling to -196 C with accessories

Linkam THMS600 Stage

The THMS600 is one of the most widely used heating and freezing microscope stages on the market. Over 1000 stages have been sold around the world to date. The THMS600 is used in many applications where high heating/freezing rates and 0.1°C accuracy and stability are needed.

Linkam FTIR600 INFRA RED Stage

The FTIR600 stage, has been adapted from our market leading high precision THMS600 to allow infra red analysis of samples from -196 up to 600°C covering all applications from pharmaceutical to polymers on most benchtop IR microscope systems. Different window materials such as Zinc Selenide and Barium Fluoride are available. Please contact us to find out about the range of window materials we have. The FTIR600 stage can be mounted horizontally as in IR microscopy setups and vertically for cabinet type IR spectroscopy. The silver block has a tapered hole to allow maximum transmittance of IR without interference.

Linkam THMS600-PS PRESSURE Stage

By pressurizing the sample chamber up to 14bar the THMS600-PS stage can be used to investigate the effects of pressure on the sample during heating and cooling experiments. This stage has been used in applications where minimizing sample evaporation and sublimation are required. Similar in performance to the standard THMS600 range of heating and freezing stages, the THMS600-PS also has a safety release valve that ensures the system cannot be over pressurized. A manually operated digital display pressure pump can be purchased as an option with the stage. To cool samples from ambient down to -120°C, add the LNP95 liquid nitrogen cooling system.

Linkam THMSEL600-ELLIPSOMETER Stage

The THMS600 is one of the most widely used heating stages on the market, and has now been modified with a special optical adapter to facilitate use on an ellipsometer. Developed in collaboration with the world leading ellipsometer manufacturers, the stage has been designed to allow optimal optical access to the sample. Samples can be quickly characterized by heating to within a few degrees of the required temperature at a rate of up to 150°C/min with no overshoot, then slowed down to a few tenths of a degrees per minute to closely examine sample changes.

Linkam HFS600E-PB4 Stage

This system is based upon the temperature control technology used in the THMS600 heating and freezing stages. The dynamic heating and cooling performance ensures that many electrical component temperature control applications are covered. Up to 4 positional gold tipped, tungsten probes (other types can be used) can be connected to electrical connectors within the sample chamber and enable the user to make electrical measurements on the sample, while accurately controlling the temperature inside a gas tight environment. The sample is simply placed on the heating element and the probes moved manually to make contact at the appropriate points. Probes have excellent positional resolution enabling precise contact points to be made easily. This system can also be used vertically. To cool samples from ambient down to -196°C, add the LNP95 liquid nitrogen cooling system.

Linkam MDS600 MOTORIZED Stage

The MDS600 is a motorized version of the THMS600, one of the most widely used heating and freezing microscope stages on the market. The sample is motorized in X and Y directions by precision mico stepped motors that enable micron repeatable position resolution and position recall so that a sample can be mapped in order to quickly relocate positions of interest and carry out temperature controlled experiments significant to that point. Unrivalled accuracy and control of temperature from -196 to 600°C.

Linkam MDSG600 MOTORIZED GEOLOGY Stage

The MDSG600 is a motorized version of the THMSG600, arguably the most popular geology heating/freezing stage in the world. The sample is motorized in X and Y directions by precision mico stepped motors that enable micron repeatable position resolution and position recall so that a sample can be mapped in order to quickly relocate positions of interest and carry out temperature controlled experiments significant to that point. Unrivalled accuracy and control of temperature from -196 to 600°C enable the user to characterize fluid inclusions to better than 0.1°C and hold a stability of 0.001°C.

Linkam THMSG600 - GEOLOGY System

The THMSG600 is based on the design of the highly successful THMS600 stage and then upgraded and modified specifically for geological applications. Unrivalled accuracy and control of temperature enable the user to characterize fluid inclusions to better than 0.1°C and hold a stability of 0.001°C. The response time to a 'Hold' or 'Limit' command where the temperature is stable to 0.1°C is only 0.1 seconds at 30°C/min. The sample is placed on 7mm quartz cover slip and encased within a pure silver lid so that it is heated from all sides to ensure a perfectly uniform temperature.

Linkam DSC600 OPTICAL DSC System

The Linkam optical DSC600 is a single cell system which overcomes the problem of baseline drift due to different heat flows into the sample and reference crucible. Smaller furnace — faster response time. Compact size of the stage means it can be easily mounted on to FTIR, Laser Raman and Confocal microscopes. Suitable for reflected and transmitted light studies Simultaneous optical and enthalpy change data Heating and cooling to temperatures between -196°C (when used with the LNP95) and 600°C can be carried out at rates of up to 100°C/min. The system consists of the DSC600 stage, a T95-Linksys PC interface controller and Linksys32 software; the LNP95 cooling system is optional and is required to achieve temperatures down to -196°C. Add new TASC software to enable further thermal analysis.

Linkam Stages 1500, heating to 1500 C, cooling to -196 C with accessories

Linkam TS1000, TS1000V Stage

The TS1000 stage is ideally suited to the study of ceramics, metallurgy, materials and geology at both high and low heating and cooling rates. The sample is placed directly in the 17mm diameter ceramic crucible so that the sample is heated from underneath as well as from the sides. The new T95 controller enables the stage to heat samples at an incredible 200°C/min. Note that this stage is not suitable for samples that will flow when they melt. The TS1000 can be ordered as a vacuum modified stage with vacuum connectors and optional MV196 motorized valve unit enabling vacuum control within the stage. Electrical connections can also be added to the TS1000 stage to enable measurement of electrical properties during heating experiments.

Linkam CCR1000 Stage

The CCR1000 stage from Linkam has been designed to study catalytic reactions at high temperature and pressure. Samples are mounted on a virtually unreactive disposable ceramic fabric filters placed inside the ceramic heating element which is capable of heating samples from ambient to 1000°C at rates of up to an incredible 200°C/min.

Linkam TS1200, TS1200V Stages

The TS1200 stage is ideally suited to the study of ceramics, metallurgy, materials and geology at both high and low heating and cooling rates. The sample is placed directly in the 10mm diameter ceramic crucible so that the sample is heated from underneath as well as from the sides. The new T95 controller enables the stage to heat samples at an incredible 200°C/min. Note that this stage is not suitable for samples that will flow when they melt. The TS1200 can be ordered as a vacuum modified stage with vacuum connectors and optional MV196 motorized valve unit enabling vacuum control within the stage. Electrical connections can also be added to the TS1500 stage to enable measurement of electrical properties during heating experiments.

Linkam TS1400XY Stage System

The ceramic tube heater completely encases the sample in a uniform temperature controlled environment enabling high accuracy control right up to 1400°C within a gas sealed chamber. Samples are mounted on a sapphire sample slide that can be moved in 6mm in XY directions to explore your sample. Fluid inclusion geologists and material scientists interested in high speed quench cooling can add a special manipulator that enables rapid transfer from the heater to a much colder platform resulting in ultra fast cooling rates ofup to 240°C per second. The sample temperature is accurately controlled by the T95 controller which enables the stage to heat samples at an incredible 200°C/min. A recent publication by Rosario Esposito* and his colleagues at Virigina Tech has demonstrated how this instrument can be used to investigate the behaviour of melt inclusions up to 1360°C

Linkam TS1500, TS1500V Stage

With a temperature range from ambient to 1500°C, the TS1500 stage is ideally suited to the study of ceramics, metallurgy, materials, geology and high temperature polymers at both high and low heating and cooling rates. The sample is placed inside the ceramic sample cup (2.5 or 6mm deep sample cups available) so that the sample is heated from underneath as well as from the sides. The new T95 controller enables the stage to heat samples at an incredible 200°C/min. The TS1500 has the option to be ordered with vacuum connectors, allowing for vacuum conditions to be created within the stage. Electrical connections can also be added to the TS1500 stage to enable measurement of electrical properties during heating experiments.

Linkam HS1500 Stage

This new version of the extremely successful TS1500 stage features a rotating sample observation window. When a sample releases volatiles the observation window may fog up preventing the user from seeing the sample. Now you can simply rotate the window to expose a clean area to continue viewing the sample. (water cooling channels keep the stage body at a safe temperature to touch) The performance and working distance are the same, though no transmitted light or vacuum options are available at this time.

Linkam Stages, cooling to -196 C

Linkam BCS196 CRYOBIOLOGY System

The BCS196 has been continually improved over the last 20 years as a result of continual feedback from the world's leading cryobiologists. The sample can be easily moved in X and Y directions using the precision ground stainless steel manipulators, enabling the user to follow ice crystal growth across the sample. The seeding point on the side of the cooling element can be used to seed ice crystal growth into the sample. Unrivalled accuracy and control of temperature enable the user to characterize low temperature sample morphology to better than 0.1°C and hold a stability of 0.001°C. The response time to a 'Hold' or 'Limit' command where the temperature is stable to 0.1°C is only 0.1 seconds at 30°C/min. Rate of cooling effects ice crystal size and extremely fast cooling completely changes ice structure. The BCS196 can be modified with a quench cooling feature that enables you to push the sample from an isolated platform onto the pre-cooled silver block and achieve cooling rates approaching 5000°C/min.

Linkam MDBCS196 MOTORIZED CRYOBIOLOGY System

The MDBCS196 has been developed for the specialized field of cryobiology where extremely accurate low temperature and position of the sample as well as cooling rates of up to 5000°C/min are required. High speed quench cooling is achieved by high speed motorized movement of the sample from a copper 'warm post' onto a pre-cooled block. It is possible to observe the effect of crystallisation at extremely high cooling rates. This method of high speed cooling is even faster than submersing the sample in liquid nitrogen and has enabled cryobiologists to closely investigate vitrification phenomena. The silver block is of a similar construction to the BCS196 but has its cooling pipes at 180° to each other. This reduces the flow of liquid nitrogen needed to cool the block and minimises any vertical movement of the block due to temperature change. For seeding a cold spot has been provided on one of the cooling pipes allowing nucleated freezing to be initiated. The included Linksys 32 software enables automatic serpentine scanning of the entire sample allowing the user to save positions of interest. Add the digital video capture module to create a image map of the sample and zoom in to areas of interest.

Linkam FDCS196 FREEZE DRYING System

Using the FDCS freeze drying cryo stage and light microscopy techniques such as phase contrast and polarized light, it is now possible to quickly and accurately determine collapse and eutectic temperature and intricately investigate freeze dried structure of complex samples. Both stage pressure and temperature can be accurately controlled and programmed to simulate industrial procedures and determine ideal drying parameters. With a temperature range down to -196°C, Ultra low temperature eutectics can be investigated with the FDCS system, not possible with peltier controlled systems. Chamber pressure is monitored by a pirani gauge mounted directly on the stage and shows the stage to hold perfectly uniform vacuum even when the XY manipulators are used to follow the drying front moving across the sample.

Linkam CMS196 - CRYO-EM Stage

Electron microscopy (EM) provides structural information at very high resolution. However, it can give only restricted insight into biological and chemical processes due to limitations in staining and sample preparation processes. Fluorescence microscopy on the other hand is a very sensitive method to detect biological, chemical and genetic processes and events inside living cells.